Table 7

Fixed effects estimates of EPI vaccination rates on HRH densities – with fixed time effects (β coefficients presented; standard errors in parentheses)

Year fixed effects
 2001–2006


Model I
 Model II
 Model I
 Model II
Log HRH density
 -0.11
 0.11
0.00
 0.56**
 0.75**
0.00


(0.20)
 (0.20)
0.00
 (0.10)
 (0.10)
0.00
Log HRH density * Time Trend
 0.00
 -0.13**
0.00
 0.00
 -0.077**
0.00


0.00
 (0.04)
0.00
 0.00
 (0.03)
0.00
Log GP density
 0.00
 0.00
 0.10
 0.22
 0.00
 0.00
 0.01
 0.26*


0.00
 0.00
 (0.10)
 (0.20)
 0.00
 0.00
 (0.07)
 (0.10)
Log GP density * Time Trend
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00
 -0.12*
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00
 -0.12**


0.00
 0.00
 0.00
 (0.05)
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00
 (0.03)
Log nurse/midwife density
 0.00
 0.00
 -0.23
 -0.34
 0.00
 0.00
 0.29**
 0.04


0.00
 0.00
 (0.10)
 (0.20)
 0.00
 0.00
 (0.09)
 (0.10)
Log nurse/midwife density * Time Trend
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00
 0.07
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00
 0.082**


0.00
 0.00
 0.00
 (0.05)
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00
 (0.03)
Log health officer density
 0.00
 0.00
 0.02
 0.33
 0.00
 0.00
 0.26*
 0.54**


0.00
 0.00
 (0.10)
 (0.20)
 0.00
 0.00
 (0.10)
 (0.10)
Log health officer density * Time Trend
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00
 -0.10*
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00
 -0.084**


0.00
 0.00
 0.00
 (0.04)
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00
 (0.02)
Year
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00
 -0.30**
 -0.85**
 -0.30**
 -1.44**


0.00
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00
 (0.03)
 (0.20)
 (0.03)
 (0.20)
Year-squared
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00
 0.060**
 0.060**
 0.060**
 0.059**


0.00
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00
 (0.00)
 (0.00)
 (0.00)
 (0.00)
2001
 -0.12
 -1.03**
 -0.10
 -1.53**
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00


(0.09)
 (0.30)
 (0.09)
 (0.40)
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00
2002
 -0.30**
 -2.11**
 -0.30**
 -3.16**
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00


(0.10)
 (0.50)
 (0.10)
 (0.80)
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00
2003
 -0.63**
 -3.36**
 -0.62**
 -4.94**
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00


(0.10)
 (0.80)
 (0.10)
 (1.10)
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00
2004
 -0.17
 -3.80**
 -0.12
 -5.96**
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00


(0.10)
 (1.10)
 (0.10)
 (1.50)
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00
2005
 0.27*
 -4.26**
 0.32**
 -6.98**
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00


(0.10)
 (1.30)
 (0.10)
 (1.90)
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00
2006
 0.27*
 -5.17**
 0.31*
 -8.43**
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00


(0.10)
 (1.60)
 (0.10)
 (2.30)
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00
Constant
 0.47
 2.08
 0.53
 3.52*
 5.27**
 6.59**
 5.97**
 8.72**


(1.10)
 (1.40)
 (1.30)
 (1.70)
 (0.70)
 (0.80)
 (0.90)
 (1.00)
R-squared (within)
 0.37
 0.41
 0.37
 0.44
 0.53
 0.55
 0.54
 0.59
F-test: HRH = 0†
 0.00
 6.30
 1.34
 2.90
 0.00
 20.40
 10.40
 13.30
P-value
<0.01
 0.27
 0.01
<0.01
 <0.01
 <0.01
F-test: GP = GP * Time Trend = 0

0.00
 3.42

0.00
 6.72
P-value


0.04


<0.01
F-test: Nurse/Midwife = Nurse/Midwife * Time Trend = 0

0.00
 1.89

0.00
 11.50
P-value


0.16


<0.01
F-test: health officer = health officer * Time Trend = 0
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00
 3.14
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00
 9.76
P-value
 0.00
 0.00
0.05
 0.00
 0.00
<0.01
F-test: HRH† Fixed Effects = 0
 0.76
 8.22
 11.00
 38.10
 0.76
 8.22
 0.01
 0.26*
P-value
 0.38
 0.02
 0.01
 <0.01
 0.38
 0.02
 (0.07)
 (0.10)

** p < 0.01, * p < 0.05

† Includes all main effects and interaction terms, where applicable

Mitchell et al. Human Resources for Health 2008 6:29   doi:10.1186/1478-4491-6-29