Table 2 |
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Bivariate and multivariate regression results |
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|
Antenatal care |
Use of skilled birth attendant |
Caesarean section |
Measles immunization |
TB case diagnosis |
Care for respiratory infection |
|
|
|
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|
Bivariate associations |
N = 78 |
N = 97 |
N = 55 |
N = 89 |
N = 81 |
N = 45 |
|
|
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|
Density of doctors (per 1000) |
0.5(< 0.01) |
1.4 (< 0.01) |
0.4 (< 0.01) |
0.6 (< 0.01) |
0.2 (< 0.01) |
0.2 (< 0.01) |
|
|
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|
Density of nurses and midwives (per 1000) |
0.7(< 0.01) |
2.0(< 0.01) |
0.6(< 0.01) |
0.8(< 0.01) |
0.4(0.01) |
0.3(< 0.01) |
|
|
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|
Density of health workers (per 1000) |
0.8 (< 0.01) |
2.1(< 0.01) |
0.6(< 0.01) |
0.8(< 0.01) |
0.4(0.01) |
0.3(< 0.01) |
|
|
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|
Model set 1 (doctors and nurses) |
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|
|
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|
GDP per capita (PPP) |
0.38 (0.23) |
1.00 (< 0.01) |
0.58 (0.02) |
0.41 (0.07) |
0.37 (0.23) |
0.14 (0.46) |
|
|
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|
Female literacy rate (%) |
0.92 (0.04) |
0.24 (0.68) |
0.94 (< 0.01) |
-0.23 (0.53) |
0.28 (0.54) |
0.61 (< 0.01) |
|
|
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|
Density of doctors (per 1000) |
-0.11(0.59) |
0.39 (0.14) |
-0.03 (0.81) |
0.41 (0.01) |
-0.05 (0.81) |
-0.07 (0.51) |
|
|
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|
Density of nurses and midwives (per 1000) |
0.21 (0.38) |
0.75 (0.02) |
0.02 (0.89) |
0.27 (0.18) |
0.11 (0.70) |
0.05 (0.69) |
|
|
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|
Land area (km2) |
-0.37(< 0.01) |
-0.26 (0.02) |
-0.03 (0.72) |
-0.08 (0.22) |
0.01 (0.94) |
0.10 (0.16) |
|
|
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|
Population in rural area (%) |
-0.68(0.14) |
-0.68 (0.28) |
-0.25 (0.60) |
0.78 (0.06) |
0.01 (0.98) |
-0.21 (0.52) |
|
|
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|
Adjusted R2 |
0.39 |
0.60 |
0.57 |
0.38 |
0.03 |
0.34 |
|
|
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|
Model set 2 (aggregate health workers) |
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|
|
||||||
|
GDP per capita (PPP) |
0.29 (0.34) |
1.05 (< 0.01) |
0.60 (0.01) |
0.46 (0.05) |
0.37 (0.22) |
0.10 (0.56) |
|
|
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|
Female literacy rate (%) |
0.80 (0.07) |
0.28 (0.63) |
0.92 (< 0.01) |
-0.14 (0.69) |
0.27 (0.54) |
0.58 (< 0.01) |
|
|
||||||
|
Density of health workers (per 1000) |
0.22 (0.37) |
1.16 (< 0.01) |
-0.003(0.98) |
0.69(< 0.01) |
0.04 (0.87) |
0.01 (0.93) |
|
|
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|
Land area (km2) |
-0.36(< 0.01) |
-0.25 (0.03) |
- 0.03 (0.71) |
-0.07 (0.29) |
0.004 (0.97) |
0.10 (0.13) |
|
|
||||||
|
Population in rural area (%) |
-0.50(0.24) |
-0.63 (0.30) |
-0.25 (0.60) |
0.68 (0.09) |
0.04 (0.95) |
-0.15 (0.65) |
|
|
||||||
|
Adjusted R2 |
0.39 |
0.60 |
0.58 |
0.37 |
0.05 |
0.35 |
|
|
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|
Note: all independent variables are ln-transformed; all dependent variables are transformed using logistic form |
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|
Kruk et al. Human Resources for Health 2009 7:27 doi:10.1186/1478-4491-7-27 |
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